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JUNGLE SAFARI IN NEPAL

ROYAL CHITWAN NATIONAL PARK
Area : 932 sq. km.
Established : 1973

LOCATION

Royal Chitwan National Park, the oldest national park in Nepal, is situated in the subtropical inner Terai lowlands of South-Central Nepal. The park was designated as a World Heritage Site in 1984.

The park covers a pristine area with a unique ecosystem of significant value to the world. It contains the Churiya hills, ox-bow lakes and flood plains of Rapti, Reu, and Narayani Rivers. Approximately 70% of the park vegetation is saal forest. The remaining vegetation types include grassland (20%), riverine forest (7%), and sal with chirpine (3%), the latter occurring at the top of the Churiya range. The riverine forests consist mainly of khair, sissou and simal. The grasslands form a diverse and complex community with over 50 species. The Saccharum species, often called elephant grass, can reach 8 m. in height. The shorter grasses such as Imperata are useful for thatch roofs.

There are more than 43 species of mammals, over 450 species of birds, and more than 45 species of amphibians and reptiles in the park.

Formerly, the Chitwan Valley was well known for big game hunting and until 1950 was exclusively managed as a hunting reserve for the Rana Prime Ministers and their guests. In 1963, the area south of the Rapti River was demarcated as a rhinoceros sanctuary. In 1970, His late Majesty King Mahendra approved, in principle, the creation of Royal Chitwan National Park.

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FEATURES OF CHITWAN NATIONAL PARKS

Within the park lie the Churia hills, ox-bow lakes, and the flood plains of Rapti, Reu and Narayani Rivers. The Churia hills rise gradually towards the east from 150m. to over 800m. elevation. The lower but more rugged Someshwor hills occupy most of the western portion of the park. The flood plains of Chitwan contain rich alluvial soils. The park boundaries have been delineated by the Narayani and Rapti Rivers in the north and west, and the Reu river and Someshwor hills in the south and south-west. It shares its eastern border with the Parsa Wildlife Reserve.

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SEASONS OF CHITWAN NATIONAL PARK

The park is influenced by a tropical monsoon climate with relatively high humidity. Winter, spring and monsoon are the three main seasons. The cool winter season occurs from October to February. Spring begins in March and is soon followed summer that ends in early June. Summer days are typically hot with up to an average 30C daytime temperature. The monsoon usually begins at the end of June and continues until September. The mean annual rainfall is about 21-50 mm. and during this time of the year rivers are flooded and most of the roads are virtually impassable.

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VEGETATION OF CHITWAN NATIONAL PARK

The Chitwan Valley is characterized by tropical to sub-tropical forest. Roughly 70% of park vegetative cover is sal (shorea robusta) forest, a moist deciduous vegetation type of the Terai region. The remaining vegetation types include: grassland (20%), riverine forest (70%), and sal with chirpine (pinus roxburghii) (3%) forest, the latter occurring at the tops of the Churia range. The riverine forests consist mainly of khair, sissoo, and simal. The simal has a spiny bark when young and develops buttresses at the bottom in older stages. The grasslands form a diverse and complex community with over 50 species.

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ANIMALS OF CHITWAN NATIONAL PARK

There are more than 43 species of mammals in the park. The park is especially renowned for its protection of the endangered one- horned rhinoceros, tiger, and gharial crocodile along with many other common species of wild animal. The estimated population of rhinos is 400. The park also secures populations of endangered species such as gaur, wild elephant, four horned antelope, striped hyena, pangolin, Gangetic dolphin, monitor lizard, and python.

Some of the other animals found in the park are sambar, chital, hog deer, barking deer, sloth deer, common leopard, ratel, palm civet, wild dog, langur and rhesus monkeys.

There are over 450 species of birds in the park. Among the endangered birds are the Bengal florican, giant hornbill, lesser florican, black stork and white stork. A few of the common birds seen are peafowl, red jungle fowl, and different species of egrets, herons, kingfishers, flycatchers and woodpeckers. The best times for bird watching are in March and December.

More than 45 species of amphibians and reptiles are found in the park, some of which are themarsh mugger crocodile, cobra, green pit viper and various species of frogs and tortoises. The park is actively engaged in the scientific study of several species of wild flora and fauna.

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PLACES OF INTEREST

Places of Interest in Chitwan National Park Place Distance In Km. From Kasar Darbar, Park HQ.
Gharial Breeding Center, Kasara 1
Lamital 2.5
Devital 25
Bikram Baba (religious site) 1
Chitwan Hatisar, Sauraha 19
Elephant Breeding Center 3 (from Sauraha)

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Royal Bardia National Park

Area : 968 sq.kms
Location : Royal Bardiya National Park is situated in the mid far western Terai, east of the Karnali River.

Features : the park is the largest and most undisturbed wilderness area in the Terai. About 70% of the park is covered with dominantly sal forest with the balance a mixture of grassland, savannah and riverine forest. The savannah and riverine forest. The approximately 1500 people who used to live in this valley have been resettled elsewhere. Since farming has ceased in the Babai valley, natural vegetation is regenerating, making it an area of prime habitat for wildlife.

The park provides excellent habit for endangered animals like the rhinoceros, wild elephant, tiger, swamp deer, black buck, gharial crocodile, marsh mugger crocodile and Gengetic dolphin, Endangered birds include the Bengal florican, lesser florican, silver-eared mesia and Sarus crane. More than 30 different mammals, over 200species of birds many snakes, lizards and fish have been recorded in the park's forest, grassland and river habitats. A good number of resident and migratory birds are found in the park.

Activities :- There are a wide variety of jungle activities available in both parks. Elephant rides are the best way to explore the jungle and search for wildlife. Jeep safaris are also available for those who don't feel like riding atop an elephant. Others might enjoy a jungle walk with an experienced guide who can tell you all about the wildlife and vegetation that is unique to the Terai region. Canoeing on the Rapti or Narayani rivers is a great way to see the many different bird species of Chitwan. And there's always the rare chance that you can see the elusive freshwater Gangetic dolphins that inhabit the rivers. All of these activities are included in your jungle package.

Canoe Trip :- In dugout canoe on either the Rapti or the Budhi Rapti river which border the national park. there are chances to see two types of crocodile ,the Gharial and Mash Mugger basking on the river bank. other wildlife ,especially birds are an additional interest.

Bird watching :- we are specialist in the birds of Nepal. Active member of the birds society of Nepal are employees in the Hotel. The park is a habitat for over 450 residential and migratory species. Many are threatened ,e.g the great pied hornbill, Bengal Florican, Peregrine falcon, lesser adjutant storks etc. A bird watching tour with our naturalists will be a memorable experience.

Elephant Breeding Center :- It is believed that the elephant breeding center outside the park here is one of the only two in the world, another being in Shri Lanka. Guests here can occasionally see the love making on the elephants. The great and additional source of eye feast is the sight of the baby elephant in the company of its parents.

Jungle Drive :- this jungle drive is for those not relishing the foot walk takes the rests from the park at Sauraha to the Park's headquarters at Kasara. The use of a motor transport does not mar the fun in anyway.

Village tour :- Tharus are the indigenous inhabitants of the Terai. We offer guided culture tours to meet the people and experience their traditional self sufficient way of life. at the hotel we feature Tharu folk dance. The drummers and symbolic stick dancers perform traditional moments and invite guests to join them in this rhythmic display.

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